When a factory or production line needs to be modified, changes are planned using factory building design. Additionally, completely new factories can be planned and laid out using factory design. The systematic, purpose-driven design of factories is a part of this organized process. From operational analysis and initial layout to implementation and commissioning, it goes through several stages. There are many tools and techniques that support the design process.
Completely new factories are frequently referred to as "green-field projects" in factory building design. A brown-field project is when an existing factory is enlarged, modified, or reduced in size. Modern factory building design focuses on developing a production process that is both sustainable and flexible enough to meet changing demands. Thus, it is important to plan ahead and leave space for future tuning and adaptation rather than just designing and implementing something once. Manufacturing companies can only maintain their flexibility and efficiency in this way.
Planning, designing, site preparation, foundation plinth construction, column, beam, slab construction, plastering, and finishing work are some of the stages in the factory construction process. Prior to planning, construction projects must take important house construction steps into account, such as the construction's purpose, utility, financial viability, labor demand, etc.
It is best to build the structure on level ground that is well-drained, ideally just raised above the surrounding area. Avoid going in low places. In order to reduce the amount of leveling and filling that needs to be done, the site should be oriented along contour lines and the least undulating or sloping area should be chosen if it is difficult to find a level area.
Regardless of the type of building, factory construction is a difficult task. A significant time, effort, and financial commitment are necessary for success. Creating a thorough plan is the first step to a successful construction project. To ensure an effective construction process, each step must be completed. Before beginning the planning phase, take into account crucial factors like the building's purpose, finances, utility, and demand for work.
Construction uses a variety of building materials, including concrete, steel, wood, and masonry. Each material has unique characteristics, such as weight, strength, cost, and durability, making it suitable for particular applications. The selection of building materials is based on their cost and ability to withstand the loads and stresses placed on the structure.
Natural building materials, like stone and wood, and man-made building materials, like concrete and steel, can generally be divided into two categories. Before being used in a structural application, both categories typically require some level of preparation or treatment.
Steel makes up 70% of the materials used in factory construction, so the price of steel has a special bearing on the cost of steel-structured factories.
A good factory structure aims to carry out various tasks more effectively, cutting down on the expense of material handling. A well-designed building can maximize production by minimizing halts and interruptions.
A good factory structure is important because it can reduce maintenance expenses. A good factory building is noteworthy because it not only portrays an appealing appearance and a healthy working environment, but it also encourages employee safety. There are typically two types of storage structures: single storage structures and multi-storage structures.
A multi-storage building, such as a sugar factory or refinery, is appropriate if the amount of land available is constrained and the manufacturing process necessitates the gravity flow of the product. And when large quantities of heavy equipment and machinery are used during production, single storage is chosen. Factory buildings with only one story:
Only one floor or store is available in this type of structure, where all the equipment is set up. There are various roofing types in this kind of buildings. When land is available for less money, this type of structure is taken into consideration. The material flow in these buildings will be simple. Spinning, weaving, and wet-processing units typically benefit from single-story buildings.
Benefits of single-story buildings include
• Their ease of expansion.
• Flexible design.
• Through the roof, one can provide natural light and excellent ventilation.
• Less time to build.
• Low cost of material handling.
• Simple control and supervision.
• low-frequency mechanical vibrations
• Installing large machines is possible.
• Risky areas are simple to isolate.
• Elevators and stairs don't take up any extra space.
• When compared to a multi-storey building with the same gross area, construction costs will be lower.
• Allows a high ceiling.
• Less columns are required.
• There is less chance of significant fire damage.
• Has lower operating costs
• Maintenance on buildings and equipment is simple and minimal.
There, a single-story building is used.
• The cost of land is considerably lower.
• Processing requires large machinery.
• Factory expansion is anticipated.
• Where goods can be moved by gravity, they have distinct material handling advantages.
• They guarantee the greatest amount of usable floor space per square metre of land.
• For a specific production area, they involve a lower site cost.
• They utilize land more effectively and require less of it.
• They create a smaller layout.
• They involve less expensive heating.
• more condensed design.
• fewer roof repairs
• In rural areas, gravity and land costs are lower.
• I greatly shortened the distance for material handling.
Multistory factory buildings are used.
• When land is expensive,
• in the production of chemicals, fertilizers, floor mills, and other process-related industries.
• The size of the production floor on the ground level can be increased by using the top stories for small shops and offices.
The one-story building differs in this way: a monitor surrounds the roof truss. The structure is built to provide the most overhead space per square foot of floor space. Cranes and other overhead facilities may be used in the overhead space. The monitor has excellent natural ventilation, and the glass-built side walls serve as windows to let in natural light. The management is able to take advantage of natural ventilation and illumination coming from high roofs and centre openings, which provide plenty of room for crane operations, in buildings for steel mills and foundries that are frequently of the monitor or bar type.